인프런 커뮤니티 질문&답변

CoreApplicationTests 속 contextLoads() 테스트를 실행하였는데

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext for [WebMergedContextConfiguration@3f9f71ff testClass = hello.core.CoreApplicationTests, locations = [], classes = [hello.core.CoreApplication], contextInitializerClasses = [], activeProfiles = [], propertySourceDescriptors = [], propertySourceProperties = ["org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true"], contextCustomizers = [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.actuate.observability.ObservabilityContextCustomizerFactory$DisableObservabilityContextCustomizer@1f, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizer@35aea049, org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@3b6ddd1d, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@2f217633, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer@6fd83fc1, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestAnnotation@8daef27a], resourceBasePath = "src/main/webapp", contextLoader = org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader, parent = null]

	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:180)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:130)
	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:191)
	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:130)
	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:260)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:163)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:197)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1625)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:310)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:762)
	at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:364)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'memberServiceImpl' defined in file [C:\Users\김승빈\Desktop\김 영 한\Spring_Core_Basic\core\out\production\classes\hello\core\member\MemberServiceImpl.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type 'hello.core.member.MemberRepository' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: memoryMemberRepository,memberRepository
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:237)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1354)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1191)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:561)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:325)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:975)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:959)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:624)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:754)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:456)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:334)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.lambda$loadContext$3(SpringBootContextLoader.java:137)
	at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:58)
	at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:46)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.withHook(SpringApplication.java:1454)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader$ContextLoaderHook.run(SpringBootContextLoader.java:552)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:137)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:108)
	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:225)
	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:152)
	... 17 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'hello.core.member.MemberRepository' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: memoryMemberRepository,memberRepository
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:218)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1420)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1353)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:907)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:785)
	... 41 more

이런 오류가 나면서 실패합니다. 왜 이런가요?

참고용으로 AutoAppConfig 와 AppConfig 코드 입니다.

AutoAppConfig

package hello.core.order;

import hello.core.member.MemberRepository;
import hello.core.member.MemoryMemberRepository;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes = Configuration.class)
)
public class AutoAppConfig {
/*
  @Bean(name = "memoryMemberRepository")
  public MemberRepository memberRepository() {
    return new MemoryMemberRepository();
  }
  */
}

AppConfig

package hello.core;

import hello.core.discount.DiscountPolicy;
import hello.core.discount.FixDiscountPolicy;
import hello.core.discount.RateDiscountPolicy;
import hello.core.member.MemberRepository;
import hello.core.member.MemberService;
import hello.core.member.MemberServiceImpl;
import hello.core.member.MemoryMemberRepository;
import hello.core.order.OrderService;
import hello.core.order.OrderServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    //@Bean memberService -> MemoryMemberRepository()
    //@Bean orderService -> MemoryMemberRepository()

    //call AppConfig.memberService
    //call AppConfig.memberRepository
    //call AppConfig.memberRepository
    //call AppConfig.memberService
    //call AppConfig.memberRepository

    //call AppConfig.memberService
    //call AppConfig.memberRepository
    //call AppConfig.memberService

  @Bean
  public MemberService memberService() {
    System.out.println("call AppConfig.memberService");
    return new MemberServiceImpl(memberRepository());
  }

  @Bean
  public MemberRepository memberRepository() {
    System.out.println("call AppConfig.memberRepository");
    return new MemoryMemberRepository();
  }

  @Bean
  public OrderService orderService() {
    System.out.println("call AppConfig.orderService");
    return new OrderServiceImpl(memberRepository(), discountPolicy());
  }

  @Bean
  public DiscountPolicy discountPolicy() {
//    return new FixDiscountPolicy();
    return new RateDiscountPolicy();
  }
}